介绍windows环境以及linux环境安装
nginx作为系统服务
nginx 常用执行命名

windows

linux

备用知识

centos7 防火墙相关命令

启动 systemctl start firewalld

关闭 systemctl stop firewalld

查看状态 systemctl status firewalld

开机禁用 systemctl disable firewalld

开机启动 systemctl enable firewalld

添加 firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent

（--permanent永久生效，没有此参数重启后失效）

重新载入 firewall-cmd --reload

查看 firewall-cmd --zone= public --query-port=80/tcp

删除 firewall-cmd --zone= public --remove-port=80/tcp --permanent

安装

官方参考文档Building nginx from Sources

解压文件tar -zxvf nginx-${version}.tar.gz
到解压文件夹进行配置./configigure --prefix=path

--prefix=path 配置安装路径，默认/usr/local/nginx

可能会出现错误，缺少相应的library,执行命名yum -y install library library-devel进行安装

执行安装make && make install

系统服务

源码安装采用init脚本进行安装

官方init脚本

#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig:   - 85 15
# description:  NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config:      /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config:      /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile:     /var/run/nginx.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

make_dirs() {
   # make required directories
   user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:.*--user=" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
   if [ -n "$user" ]; then
      if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then
         useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user
      fi
      options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
      for opt in $options; do
          if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
              value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
              if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
                  # echo "creating" $value
                  mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
              fi
          fi
       done
    fi
}

start() {
    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    make_dirs
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}

stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc $prog -QUIT
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
}

restart() {
    configtest || return $?
    stop
    sleep 1
    start
}

reload() {
    configtest || return $?
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc $nginx -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}

force_reload() {
    restart
}

configtest() {
  $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
    status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status_q && exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    stop)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    restart|configtest)
        $1
        ;;
    reload)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        $1
        ;;
    force-reload)
        force_reload
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
            ;;
    *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
        exit 2
esac

修改脚本中nginx以及NGINX_CONF_FILE
赋予运行权限 chmod +x nginx
运行service相关命令service nginx start|stop|reload|status|restart

问题

cento7中按脚本方式安装过后，启动会报错，报错如下：

● nginx.service - SYSV: NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 六 2018-10-13 19:58:32 CST; 18s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 7340 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx start (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)

10月 13 19:58:32 centos7-3 systemd[1]: Starting SYSV: NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server...
10月 13 19:58:32 centos7-3 systemd[1]: nginx.service: control process exited, code=exited status=203
10月 13 19:58:32 centos7-3 systemd[1]: Failed to start SYSV: NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server.
10月 13 19:58:32 centos7-3 systemd[1]: Unit nginx.service entered failed state.
10月 13 19:58:32 centos7-3 systemd[1]: nginx.service failed.

答：查找各种资料，没找到解决办法，可采用下面两种安装办法

包安装

官方参考地址

安装yum-utils
```
yum -y install yum-utils
```

创建/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo文件，文件内容如下：

[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true

[nginx-mainline]
name=nginx mainline repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true

启动nginx-mainline,默认是启用nginx-stable

sudo yum-config-manager --enable nginx-mainline

执行yum -y install nginx进行安装

安装目录为/etc/nginx，公共的配置文件在nginx.conf中，私有配置在conf.d/default.conf中

执行命令

官方文档地址

启动 ./nginx
立即停止 ./nginx -s stop
体面停止 ./nginx -s quit
生效配置文件 ./nginx -s reload
校验配置文件 ./nginx -t

linux

安装​

系统服务​

源码安装采用init脚本进行安装​

问题​

包安装​

执行命令​

安装

系统服务

源码安装采用init脚本进行安装

问题

包安装

执行命令